MedicationsSupplements and Vitamins home > health & living center > exercise & fitness a-z list > weight training's benefits may depend on genetics article

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THURSDAY, May 21, 2015 (HealthDay News) -- How well resistance exercises work may depend on a woman's genetic risk for obesity, new research suggests.

Strength-building workouts seem to be most effective for those with a low genetic risk for a high body-mass index (BMI), the study found. BMI is a rough estimate of a person's body fat -- the higher the number, the more fat a person has.

"This doesn't mean that resistance training is futile for women with higher genetic risk for obesity. It means those with lower genetic risk just benefited more," said Jennifer Bea, an assistant professor at the University of Arizona College of Medicine in Tucson.

"We have previously shown that the resistance training was important for these women in many other ways, including improved bone density. Like most interventions, exercise is not a one-size-fits-all proposition. People with higher genetic risk scores for higher BMI may benefit more from aerobic training, for example," Bea said in a university news release.

Researchers examined the genetic markers of nearly 150 women. They were between 30 and 65 years old. All participated in the year-long Bone Estrogen and Strength Training (BEST) study. Each woman received a genetic risk score for obesity, which was based on 21 genetic markers, or indicators, believed to affect body weight.

Eighty-four women were asked to participate in supervised, high-intensity resistance training and moderate weight-bearing exercises. The exercise sessions lasted for 75 minutes each. The women were asked to do these exercises three days a week for one year.

During this time, the women took calcium supplements but made no other changes to their typical diet. The participants recorded their food intake at random intervals.

The researchers found that the benefits of resistance training, which included weight loss as well as loss of body fat and belly fat, depended on a woman's genetics and her risk for obesity.

The study was published recently in the International Journal of Obesity.

More research is needed, the study authors pointed out. They said that future studies should include a more diverse group of people. And they added that future studies should also identify ideal weight-management strategies based on an individual's genetic profile.

-- Mary Elizabeth Dallas
Copyright © 2015 HealthDay. All rights reserved.SOURCE: University of Arizona, news release, April 30, 2015

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MedicationsSupplements and Vitamins home > healthy kids center > healthy kids a-z list > many parents blind to their child's weight article

smallermediumlargerMany Parents Blind to Their Child's Weight10 Ways to Raise Food-Smart Kids Slideshow PicturesQuiz: Childhood ObesityParenting and Healthy Eating Slideshow PicturesLatest Healthy Kids NewsSleep Troubles and Children's Mental HealthMany Parents Blind to Their Child's WeightKnow the Warning Signs of Choking in ChildrenLove Hormone Helps New Moms Heed Crying BabiesFor Gay Children, Bullying Begins Early, OftenWant More News? Sign Up for MedicineNet Newsletters!

MONDAY, May 11, 2015 (HealthDay News) -- Many parents of overweight preschoolers believe their children are appropriately sized, a new study finds.

"The results are consistent with past studies in which a considerably high number of parents incorrectly perceived their overweight/obese preschool child as being 'just about the right weight,' " study author Dustin Duncan, an assistant professor of population health at NYU Langone Medical Center in New York City, said in an NYU news release.

Researchers analyzed data from American parents who took part in nationwide surveys from 1988 to 1994 and 2007 to 2012. The first survey group included parents of over 3,800 children and the second survey group included parents of nearly 3,200 children.

The parents were asked if they considered their children -- aged 2 to 5 -- to be underweight, the right weight, or overweight.

Among parents of overweight boys, 97 percent of those in the first survey group and 95 percent of those in the second survey group believed their sons were about the right weight, the findings showed.

Among parents of overweight girls, 88 percent in the first survey group and 93 percent in the second survey group believed their daughters were about the right weight, according to the study in the April online edition of the journal Childhood Obesity.

The kids in the second survey group were much more overweight than those in the first survey group. Therefore, the finding that parents' perception of their children's weight remained relatively unchanged is alarming, the study authors said.

The researchers pointed out that the study findings are important because parents who recognize that their children are overweight are more likely to help their youngsters slim down.

Black and low-income parents were most likely to consider their overweight children to be the right weight, the investigators found.

"This was especially concerning because African American and low-income children in the U.S. have the highest rates of obesity," Duncan said in the news release.

One way to tackle high childhood obesity rates in the United States is to get parents to recognize when their children are overweight, said study senior author Dr. Jian Zhang, an associate professor of epidemiology at Georgia Southern University.

"We need effective strategies to encourage [health care provider] discussions with parents about appropriate weight for their child. This will be critical for childhood weight management and obesity prevention," Zhang said in the news release.

-- Robert Preidt
Copyright © 2015 HealthDay. All rights reserved.SOURCE: NYU Langone Medical Center, news release, May 6, 2015

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MedicationsSupplements and Vitamins home > health & living center > diet & weight management a-z list > 'thrifty' metabolisms sabotage weight loss efforts article

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MONDAY, May 11, 2015 (HealthDay News) -- A new study confirms what many frustrated dieters already suspect: Your metabolism might make it tougher for you to lose weight than others.

"The results corroborate the idea that some people who are obese may have to work harder to lose weight due to metabolic differences," said lead author Dr. Martin Reinhardt, a postdoctoral fellow at the Phoenix Epidemiology and Clinical Research Branch of the U.S. National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases.

"But biology is not destiny. Balanced diet and regular physical activity over a long period can be very effective for weight loss," he added in an institute news release.

The small laboratory study included 12 obese men and women who underwent tests to assess their body's energy use in response to a day of fasting. This was followed by six weeks of reduced calorie intake.

After accounting for factors such as age, sex and race, the researchers found that participants who lost the least amount of weight during the six weeks of reducing calorie intake were those whose metabolism decreased the most during fasting.

These people have what the researchers called a "thrifty" metabolism, as opposed to the "spendthrift" metabolism in participants who lost the most weight and whose metabolism decreased the least during fasting.

"When people who are obese decrease the amount of food they eat, metabolic responses vary greatly, with a 'thrifty' metabolism possibly contributing to less weight lost," study co-author Susanne Votruba, an investigator at the Phoenix research branch, said in the news release.

"While behavioral factors such as adherence to diet affect weight loss to an extent, our study suggests we should consider a larger picture that includes individual physiology -- and that weight loss is one situation where being thrifty doesn't pay," she said.

The study was published May 11 in the journal Diabetes.

It's not known if people are born with different metabolic responses to lower calorie intake, or if they develop over time. Further research is needed to determine if these individual responses can be used to prevent weight gain, the study authors said.

"What we've learned from this study may one day enable a more personalized approach to help people who are obese achieve a healthy weight," Dr. Griffin Rodgers, director of the Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, said in the news release.

More than one-third of American adults are obese, which puts them at increased risk for heart disease, diabetes and some types of cancer.

-- Robert Preidt
Copyright © 2015 HealthDay. All rights reserved.SOURCE: U.S. National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, news release, May 11, 2015

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